NEC Article 625: EV Charging Equipment
625.41 Continuous Load Rating
EV charging is a continuous load - the EVSE draws maximum current for 3+ hours. NEC requires the branch circuit to be rated at 125% of the maximum load. A 48A charger needs a 60A circuit (48 × 1.25 = 60). A 40A charger needs a 50A circuit. This is why you cannot put a 48A charger on a 50A breaker.
625.42 Branch Circuit Requirements
Each EVSE requires a dedicated branch circuit. The circuit must be rated to supply the maximum current drawn by the EVSE for the period of charging. Receptacle-connected EVSE: limited to 80% of circuit rating. Hardwired EVSE: may use the full circuit rating at 125%.
625.54 GFCI Protection
All EV charging equipment must have GFCI protection. Most listed EVSE units have built-in GFCI, which satisfies this requirement. If the EVSE does not have built-in GFCI, a GFCI breaker must be installed. Do not double-up GFCI protection (GFCI breaker + EVSE built-in GFCI) as this can cause nuisance trips.
NEC 2026 Changes for EV Charging
NEC 2026 introduces energy management systems (EMS) per 625.42 that allow multiple EVSE to share circuit capacity. This means two 48A chargers could share a single 60A circuit by communicating and load-sharing. This is a major change that reduces the cost of multi-vehicle charging and eliminates many service upgrade requirements.
Also: new provisions for bidirectional EVSE (vehicle-to-home).
Installation Best Practices
Garage location: mount EVSE within reach of the charge port. Conduit is recommended over NM-B in garages for physical protection (NEC 334.15). If installing outdoors, use a NEMA 4X or weatherproof enclosure. Label the circuit breaker clearly as "EV CHARGER" for future homeowners and inspectors.
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Frequently Asked Questions
What does NEC Article 625 cover?
Article 625 covers ev charging (evse) requirements. Key sections include 625.41 Continuous Load Rating and 625.42 Branch Circuit Requirements. It applies to all electrical installations in the United States.
Where can I find the full text of Article 625?
The full NEC is published by NFPA and available at nfpa.org. Many libraries provide free access. Your local building department also has copies available for reference during permit applications.
Does Article 625 apply to existing wiring?
The NEC applies to new installations, modifications, and additions. Existing wiring that was code-compliant when installed is generally grandfathered unless a renovation triggers an upgrade requirement. Check with your local AHJ (authority having jurisdiction).
When did the current Article 625 requirements take effect?
NEC 2023 is the current edition. Adoption varies by state. Check your state adoption status on our state code pages.
NEC 2023 references verified April 2026